{"id":3003,"date":"2019-03-21T16:04:42","date_gmt":"2019-03-21T16:04:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/news\/2019\/03\/population-and-consumption-causing-extinction-crisis-and-water-shortage\/"},"modified":"2024-05-08T12:56:56","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T11:56:56","slug":"population-and-consumption-causing-extinction-crisis-and-water-shortage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/news\/2019\/03\/population-and-consumption-causing-extinction-crisis-and-water-shortage\/","title":{"rendered":"Population and consumption causing extinction crisis and water shortage"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull is-light curved-bottom\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim-0 has-background-dim\"><\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/mining-banner.jpg\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-post-image\" alt=\"Mining banner\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/mining-banner.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/mining-banner-300x113.jpg 300w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/mining-banner-1024x384.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/mining-banner-768x288.jpg 768w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/mining-banner-1536x576.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\"><h1 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-post-title\">Population and consumption causing extinction crisis and water shortage<\/h1><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2019-03-21T16:04:42+00:00\">21 March 2019<\/time><\/div>\n<p class=\"lead\">The latest <a href=\"http:\/\/www.resourcepanel.org\/reports\/global-resources-outlook\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Resources Outlook report<\/a> by the United Nations Environment Programme shows that humanity is now using three times as many natural resources as during the 1970\u2019s, resulting in species loss and water shortage.<\/p>\n\n<p>The report found that the countries with by far the\u00a0greatest impact are those that combine a large population with a high degree\u00a0of consumption. Contrary to popular belief, the richest countries with the\u00a0smallest populations\u00a0were found to be only marginally more responsible for global biodiversity loss and water stress than the poorest countries, which have just under a quarter of the world&#8217;s population.<\/p>\n\n<p>The authors tracked\u00a0use of biological resources (e.g. crops, wood), metals, fossil fuels, and non-metallic minerals (e.g. sand, gravel) over the past five\u00a0decades and found global extraction reached 92 billion tonnes in 2017, up from 27 in 1970, and is expected to reach 190 billion in 2060.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1646\" height=\"922\" src=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/oil-palm-bigstock.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4065\" srcset=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/oil-palm-bigstock.jpg 1646w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/oil-palm-bigstock-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/oil-palm-bigstock-1024x574.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/oil-palm-bigstock-768x430.jpg 768w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/oil-palm-bigstock-1536x860.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1646px) 100vw, 1646px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Biodiversity loss and water scarcity<\/h2>\n\n<p>Since the 1970s, human population has doubled and global GDP has quadrupled. The report states that 90% of water stress and biodiversity loss, as well as\u00a0half of climate change impacts are attributable to the extraction and processing of natural resources.<\/p>\n\n<p>Agriculture, for example, uses approximately 80% of the world\u2019s extracted freshwater, emits a third of global greenhouse gases, and is responsible for large-scale habitat destruction.<\/p>\n\n<p>The authors found that globally, up to the year 2000, population growth was the strongest driver of increased resource extraction. From 2000 onwards, increasing affluence\u00a0overtook population as the biggest driver, except for in Africa and West Asia, where rapid population increase remains the biggest cause.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Worst combination: large population +\u00a0high consumption<\/h2>\n\n<p>Countries with the highest human development index (HDI)\u00a0\u2013 only 6% of the global population but owning half the world\u2019s GDP \u2013 are responsible for 11% of biodiversity loss and 8% of water scarcity. The world\u2019s least developed countries, with under a quarter of the world\u2019s population and where irrigation is not common, bear less than 5% responsibility for water shortage and biodiversity loss.<\/p>\n\n<p>The biggest culprits are regions with a moderate development score\u00a0which together hold two thirds of the global population and essentially the entire other half of global GDP. These countries are responsible for over 80% of global biodiversity loss and water shortage attributable to resource use.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"660\" src=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/GRO-2019.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4066\" srcset=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/GRO-2019.png 1200w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/GRO-2019-300x165.png 300w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/GRO-2019-1024x563.png 1024w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/GRO-2019-768x422.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Accommodating &#8216;growth at all costs&#8217;<\/h2>\n\n<p>In the usual style of international reports for policy-makers, the <em>2019 Global Resources Outlook<\/em> fails to recommend action on population, despite proving that it is as important as economic growth in driving biodiversity loss and water shortage.<\/p>\n\n<p>The report explicitly states that it attempts to <em>\u201cassess the degree to which societies would need to improve the efficiency of material use&#8221;\u00a0<\/em>to &#8220;offset&#8221; the large expected growth in both global population and GDP by 2060.\u00a0Rapid growth is treated as a given, rather than something that must be avoided.<\/p>\n\n<p>In the same vein as\u00a0similar recent key publications, it calls for an \u201cambitious suite of actions\u201d, including not-currently-available technofixes (e.g. carbon capture and storage), large-scale societal shifts (the global adoption of a plant-based diet) and sweeping policy changes (e.g. carbon taxes).<\/p>\n\n<p>Instead of breaking our heads over how to enable continuous growth on a finite planet, we must urgently implement the <a href=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/solutions\">straightforward and much neglected solutions<\/a> that will enable everyone to have a better quality of life within the Earth\u2019s limits.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-popmat-share\"><a class=\"fb-share\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulationmatters.org%2Fnews%2F2019%2F03%2Fpopulation-and-consumption-causing-extinction-crisis-and-water-shortage%2F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><div>\n  \nShare<\/div><\/a><a class=\"tw-share\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulationmatters.org%2Fnews%2F2019%2F03%2Fpopulation-and-consumption-causing-extinction-crisis-and-water-shortage%2F&amp;text=Population+and+consumption+causing+extinction+crisis+and+water+shortage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><div>\n  \nTweet<\/div><\/a><a class=\"li-share\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulationmatters.org%2Fnews%2F2019%2F03%2Fpopulation-and-consumption-causing-extinction-crisis-and-water-shortage%2F&amp;text=Population+and+consumption+causing+extinction+crisis+and+water+shortage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><div>\n  \nPost<\/div><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-light-blue-background-color has-background alignfull is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Related content<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-popmat-grid grid grid-3\">\n\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-popmat-post-teaser\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/the-facts-resources-consumption\/\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3>Resources &amp; consumption<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"431\" src=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/aman-bhargava-268339-unsplash-768x431.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-2284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/aman-bhargava-268339-unsplash-768x431.jpg 768w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/aman-bhargava-268339-unsplash-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/aman-bhargava-268339-unsplash-1024x575.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/aman-bhargava-268339-unsplash-1536x863.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/aman-bhargava-268339-unsplash-2048x1150.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/img>\n\t\t\t\t<p>The 8 billion people on Earth are demanding more resources than it can provide. Find out how our numbers and the overconsumption by some of us are exhausting our planet.<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-popmat-post-teaser\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/solutions\/\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3>Solutions<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"288\" src=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/thomas-young-634092-unsplash_crop-768x288.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-1006\" srcset=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/thomas-young-634092-unsplash_crop-768x288.jpg 768w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/thomas-young-634092-unsplash_crop-300x113.jpg 300w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/thomas-young-634092-unsplash_crop-1024x384.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/thomas-young-634092-unsplash_crop-1536x576.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/thomas-young-634092-unsplash_crop.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/img>\n\t\t\t\t<p>Ending population growth can be achieved through positive, empowering, choice-based actions which improve people&#8217;s lives and bring multiple other benefits.<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"The latest Global Resources Outlook report by the United Nations Environment Programme shows that humanity is now using three times as many natural resources as during the 1970\u2019s, resulting in&#8230;","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2307,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[10,13,14,18,22],"class_list":["post-3003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-story","tag-biodiversity","tag-economics","tag-environment","tag-food_water","tag-world_population"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Population and consumption causing extinction crisis and water shortage - Population Matters<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/news\/2019\/03\/population-and-consumption-causing-extinction-crisis-and-water-shortage\/\" \/>\n<meta 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